b) Film:
If you choose film, I would recommend slide film as this is the only way to truly learn exposure. By eliminating the negative to paper process your exposure will no longer be altered by the processor. Also if you have any intention of possibly being published, publishers prefer transparencies over print film. However, this preference for slide film is rapidly changing and digital will be the medium of the near future. Nearly all my business is now in digital format. This doesn't create a problem if you choose film since you can use a film scanner to produce high resolution digital files. The Nikon Coolscan LS-5000 can yield a digital file of 12x18 inches at 300dpi. Always shoot the slowest film speed possible as the quality of film increases with slower speed film. When I did shot film, I chose Fujichrome Velvia 50ASA and 100ASA I would also occasionally have 100ASA film pushed to 200ASA, but only if I really need another stop of light.

c) Use a sturdy tripod whenever possible ! This will allow the use of slow speed films. When choosing a tripod, check to see if it allows you to adjust the angle of the leg spread so that you will be able to set up at ground level when shooting insects, wildflowers and various other subjects. Gitzo makes the best (in my opinion), but they are pricey. I prefer the Gitzo GT3530LS. The GT3530LS lacks a center column and the legs can be spread completely. Bogen makes a much more affordable tripod, model 3021, which is very adequate. A tripod is one of most important pieces of equipment that a professional nature photographer owns.

d) Pick up a copy of John Shaw's *The Nature Photographer's Complete Guide to Professional Field Techniques*. I already had my own techniques and equipment options before reading this book, but I'm sure it would have eliminated a lot of frustration in my earlier years, had such a book been available. Not only is John an excellent photographer, he is an excellent writer. John, in this book, goes into depth about the technical side of Nature Photography. It is a must!! Next pick up a copy of his revised edition called John Shaw's Nature Photography Field Guide. While this is called a revised edition; each book has must reading that is not covered in the other.

e) When photographing wildlife, knowing and understanding your subject is just as important as knowing photography basics of exposure and composition. By knowing your subjects habitat, habits, food preference, and basic instincts, you will have a much better chance of putting yourself in the right spot at the right time.